1) A nurse taking care of the patient collapsed.
Another nurse fell while working, showing similar symptoms.
More nurses started complaining of being sick.
※collapseは、ビルの崩壊によく使います。
ガバッと 立ち崩れるのですね。
fall とほぼ同じ意味
2) WHO put the whole world on alert,
the first time it had ever done so since its foundation.
It stated how the disease had spread in a hospital in Vietnam and
how fast it reached its final stage where the patient could
hardly breathe.
Yet, Dr. ウラバーニ had no idea what was happening
to his body at that time.
The disease was growing fast inside him as well.
state は、report と同意
where でカメラ（場面が）が切り替わります。
3) "English is destined to be in the next and succeeding centuries
more generally the language of the world than Latin in the last age or French in present age.
in the next and succeeding centuries が最初に来ています。
わざとそう書いていますね。時間表現句を先に出しています。
4) It took close to 200 years before he was proven right.
※ It took で、なんと約200年かかったんですばい ですね
5) The fact that out of 3,000 or 5,000 languages
supposedly existing in the world
English the only language that can be labeled as global language is worth mentioning.
この５）の文章の主語は、the fast で、
動詞は、is そして、補語＝形容詞句(worth mentioning) です
mention とは、そのことをいちいち取り上げて言う、という事ですね
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6) The growing demand for sugar, unfortunately, accerelated the spread
