A Heartfelt Tribute to Wendy Wasserstein Dies at 55
The Heidi Chroniclesという戯曲で知られたウェンディ・ワッサースタインさんが一月末にガンで亡くなった。55歳だった。1950年ニューヨーク生まれ。ブロードウェーの劇作家として活躍し、フェミニズムを取り上げた作品で注目を集めた。89年に米国のベビーブーム世代をテーマにした「ザ・ハイディ・クロニクルズ」でピュリツァー賞を受賞。「ザ・シスターズ・ローゼンウェイグ」も代表作の一つ。 日本じゃワッサースタインというとM&Aの魔術師と言われた兄のブルースさんの方が有名かもしれない。こちらの演劇界ではかなり注目されてきた女流戯曲家で、「ザ・ハイディ・クロニクルズ」でピュリツァー賞とトニー賞を受賞している。彼女の芝居は男社会で自立するベビーブーマーの女性の生き方を描いた物が多かった。ハイディは独身の30代だが、葛藤の末、最後に養女を迎えるエンディングで終わっている。私が90年前後に演劇学を習い始めたころ、「ザ・ハイディ・クロニクルズ」はブロードウェーでロングランしており、戯曲をクラスで分析したりした。この人は裕福なブルックリンのユダヤ人家庭の4人兄弟の末っ子として生まれ、ユダヤ家庭にありがちの両親の子供たちへの期待度は、相当に高かったらしい。特に母親からの「ユダヤの医者か弁護士と結婚して子供を産め」攻撃の凄さは相当のものだったらしく、初期の芝居の中にもエキセントリックな母親像が頻繁に出てくる。ある意味、非常に日本的な家族の密着した中で育った人だった。60ー70年代、男社会の中でキャリアを積み、自立しようと苦労したり落ち込んだり、悩んでセラピーにかかったり、初期の作品中に投影される女性像など、あまりに身近に分かりすぎて他国人とは思えないところもあった。この人は結局、結婚しないままで亡くなったようだが、ハイディ同様に子供を持ちたいという願望は強かった。なんと48歳の時にシングルマザーとして出産を経験している。7ヶ月の未熟児で生まれ、障害のある娘だった。相手の男性の名前は公表していない。結果的にはこの出産で健康を損ねたのではないかと思う。これ以降、目立った作品を発表していない。ブロードウェーの戯曲家と言っても、「ザ・ハイディ・クロニクルズ」は地味に映画にはなったが、世界的に上演されたわけでもなく、彼女の作品はアメリカ国内での評価に終わっていたように思う。その評価も、「ザ・ハイディ・クロニクルズ」にしても、どちらかというと軽いテレビのシットコム的なユーモアを交えた現代アメリカ女性のドラマだけに、芸術面を重んじる批評家には受けなかったようだ。本人は見かけもまったく気取りのないどこにでもいる太めのおばさん、「陽気な醜女」という雰囲気の人で、女流作家という気取りは全然なかった。映画の脚本も手がけていたが、そちらの方は数作以外、ほとんど作品化されていない。私の昔の戯曲の先生も女性で、この人と同時期に前後して80年代にブロードウェイで作品が上演されている。数少ないブロードウェーの女性戯曲家としてライバルとまで行かなくても、並んで語られることは多い。年齢歴には先生の方が15歳ほど年上で結婚して子供もいるが、90年代はこの人の作品の方が圧倒的に話題性があった。そのせいか、いろいろ複雑な思いはあったようだ。ブロードウェーでミュージカルでない演劇作品が上演される機会は、近年ますます少なくなっているという。今月、ブロードウェーの劇場で彼女のトリビュートが行われたが、満員の観客で、初期の作品に無名時代、出演していたメリル・ストリープなどが出演して作品を読み上げていた。この作家のNY舞台人間の人気はかなりのものだったようだ。A Heartfelt Tribute to Wendy WassersteinMon Mar 13, 8:31 PM ETFamily, friends and the theater community came together Monday for an emotional, yet often joyous memorial celebrating playwright Wendy Wasserstein, "an extraordinary woman, who led an extraordinary, exemplary life."Those words were spoken by Andre Bishop, Wasserstein's close friend and mentor, who opened the nearly two-hour tribute at Lincoln Center's Vivian Beaumont Theater with a moving remembrance of the last days of a playwright whose work spoke to a generation of women.Scenes from several of Wasserstein's plays, including "Uncommon Women and Others" (Wasserstein's first success), "Isn't It Romantic," "An American Daughter" and the Pulitzer Prize-winning "Heidi Chronicles," were performed, some with their original casts. Among the actors appearing were Meryl Streep, Swoosie Kurtz, Jill Eikenberry, Linda Lavin, Robert Klein, Joan Allen and Boyd Gaines.Other speakers ranged from Mary Jane Patrone, a friend from her college days at Mount Holyoke, to playwright Christopher Durang to Daniel Sullivan, who directed four ofWasserstein's plays, including "The Heidi Chronicles" and "The Sisters Rosensweig" to her niece, Pamela Wasserstein.Playwrights James Lapine, Terrence McNally and Peter Parnell took turns reading an excerpt from an essay about the difficult birth of Wasserstein's daughter, Lucy Jane, published in her book "Shiksa Goddess.""Wendy was a smart, kind, warm, funny, talented, generous, successful woman that we all know," Bishop said. "But perhaps we didn't know was how deeply, profoundly, universally loved she was. Not by just the 1,000 who are here in the Beaumont today ... but by those who did not know her, who had never even met her, but who had heard her speak or seen her plays or read her books and felt as we do, that she was their friend." Wendy Wasserstein Dies at 55; Her Plays Spoke to a GenerationBy CHARLES ISHERWOODWendy Wasserstein, who spoke for a generation of smart, driven but sometimes unsatisfied women in a series of popular plays that included the long-running Pulitzer Prize winner "The Heidi Chronicles," died yesterday at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in Manhattan. She was 55 and lived in New York.In the play's bittersweet final scene, Heidi has become a single mother to a new infant a path Ms.Wasserstein would herself pursue many years later, ultimately at great physical cost, when she gave birth, at age 48, to her daughter, Lucy Jane, in 1999.Her next play, "The Sisters Rosensweig," brought the issues of ethnicity and religion into her continuing conversation about the making and remaking of women's identities as it focused on three sisters with different relationships to their Jewish roots. It opened on Broadway in 1993, ran for 556 performances and was nominated for a Tony Award for best play. Less successful was her 1997 play, "An American Daughter,"inspired by the harsh attacks on women in politics, which lasted only 89 performances on Broadway, though Ms. Wasserstein later adapted it for television.Ms. Wasserstein's other plays were produced Off Broadway, and included "Isn't It Romantic" (originally produced, to mixed notices, in 1981 and revised in 1983, when it was largely acclaimed) and "Old Money" (2000), a time-traveling comedy about the well heeled. Her most recent play, "Third," about a femaleprofessor who is forced to question her staunchly held ideas about politics and ethics, opened in the fall at the Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater at Lincoln Center.Ms. Wasserstein's abundant gift for comedy and her plays' popularity disguised the more serious ambitions underpinning her writing. "My work is often thought of as lightweight commercial comedy," she told The Paris Review in 1997, "and I have always thought, No, you don't understand: this is in fact a political act. 'TheSisters Rosensweig' had the largest advance in Broadway history," for a play (not a musical). Therefore, she continued, "nobody is going to turn down a play on Broadway because a woman wrote it or because it's about women." When Ms. Wasserstein won the best-play Tony for "Heidi Chronicles," it was the first time a woman had won the prize solo.Ms. Wasserstein was born in Brooklyn on Oct. 18, 1950, the youngest of five siblings. Her father was a textile manufacturer, her mother an amateur dancer. In addition to her daughter, Ms. Wasserstein is survived by her mother, Lola Wasserstein; her brothers, Abner and Bruce, the chairman of the investment banking giant Lazard and the owner of New York magazine; and her sister Georgette Levis of Vermont. The family moved to Manhattan when Ms. Wasserstein was 12. After earning her undergraduate degree from Mount Holyoke College in 1971, she studied creative writing at City College with Joseph Heller and Israel Horovitz. Her first play, "Any Woman Can't," found its way to Playwrights Horizons, then a small Off Broadway company, and was produced in 1973, shortly before she began to study playwriting in earnest at the Yale University Schoolof Drama. ("My parents only let me go to drama school because it was Yale," she said in an interview for the magazine Bomb. "They thought I'd marry a lawyer.")